Whole fish contains protein, flesh, bones and minerals, including phosphorus.
Purified fish oil is primarily fat. It provides the marine Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA without the same phosphorus load found in a serving of whole fish.
EPA and DHA are commonly included in veterinary renal diets because they help support a healthy inflammatory response and help manage inflammatory and oxidative processes that can place additional stress on already-compromised kidneys.
And there is feline research behind this.
In a 2022 pilot study, five cats with early CKD caused by polycystic kidney disease received DHA-rich fish oil for 28 days and showed improvements in kidney-related markers including SDMA, UPC and urinary NAG.
A separate retrospective study also found that cats eating therapeutic renal diets containing higher levels of EPA tended to survive longer than cats eating other renal diets.
DHA also helps support brain and cognitive health—something that becomes increasingly important as cats get older.
However, most Omega-3 oils oxidise easily, and this is where the delivery format matters.